Behold, My Newest Creation!

I'm entirely too proud too announce my latest creation, Rogue Prognosticator. This is a web-based application for doing project estimation and schedule for software development. I've written about these topics before, and rest assured I will again; you can count on the concepts you see discussed here being taken into account in the software.

Right now the site is in open beta, free for public use. As features are added, some may be subscriber-only, or may start out being subscriber-only.

This project breaks a lot of new ground for me, and I've learned a lot already.

• It's my first project from scratch using ASP.NET MVC or Entity Framework.
• It's my first personal project in production using C# or .NET.
• It's the first time I've used Windows Azure.
• It's the first time I've used UserVoice.
• It's the first time I've used continuous deployment from Git on a personal project in production.
• It's the first time I've used SQL Server on a personal project in production.
• It's the first time I've used WordPress in production.

This project was, as you may have guessed, the source for my post on entity framework model queries, as well as my post on value-based prioritization.

I've been using the project as I've been building it, and it's already been an excellent tool for me. Prioritizing features by estimated return was a particularly enlightening experience; it really helped me to get an objective look at the near-term plan and organize development more effectively.

I'll still talk here about the nitty-gritty of development but official product announcements will be coming through the product blog, Rogue Prognostications. I hope that others will find this project as useful as I have. Please feel free to drop any comments, questions, suggestions, or other feedback on the Rogue UserVoice.

More to come - watch this space!

Simple Entity Framework Model Structure

I'll say right up front, I don't have a lot of experience with Entity Framework, and this could either be a well-known solution or a completely foolish one. All I know is that, so far, it has worked extremely well for my purposes.

Coming from the Java world, I'm used to using DAO's to serve as an abstraction layer between the controllers and the database, with the basic CRUD methods, plus additional methods for any specific queries needed for a given entity type.

Conveniently, entity framework provides a fairly complete DAO in the form of DbSet. DbSet is very easy to work with, and provides full CRUD functionality, and acts as a proxy for more complex queries. I wanted to keep queries out of my logic, however, and in the model.

Looking at it, I didn't want to have to write an entire wrapper for DbSet, and subclassing it seemed like asking for trouble. That's when it occurred to me to use extension methods for queries. It turns out you can define extension types against a generic type with a type argument specified (e.g. this IEnumerable). This not only allowed me to abstract out the queries and keep them in the model, without having to wrap or subclass anything; but by defining the extensions on IEnumerable instead of DbSet, I have access to my queries on any collection of the appropriate entity type, not just DbSet. I can then chain my custom queries in a very intuitive and fluid way, keeping all of the code clean, simple, and separate.

For example, I have a table of tags. I've created extension methods on IEnumerable to filter to tags used by a given user, and to filter by tags starting with a given string. I can chain these to get tags used by a given user and starting with a given string. I can also use these queries on the list of tags associated with another entity, as IList implements IEnumerable, and thus inherits my query extension methods.

I don't know if this is the best way - or even a good way - but it's worked for me so far. I do see some possible shortcomings; mainly, the extensions don't have access to the context, so they can't query any other DbSets, only the collection it's called against. This means that only explicit relationships can be queried against, which hasn't been a roadblock so far in my (admittedly simple) application. I'm not sure this is really a drawback though - you can still add a parameter to pass in an IEnumerable to query against, which again offers the flexibility to pass a DbSet or anything else.

Pragmatic Prioritization

The typical release scheduling process works something like this:

1. Stakeholders build a backlog of features they'd like to see in the product eventually.
2. The stakeholders decide among themselves the relative priority of the features in the backlog.
3. The development team estimates the development time for each feature.
4. The stakeholders set a target feature list and ship date based on the priorities and estimates.

The problem here is primarily in step 2; this step tends to involve a lot of discussion bordering on arguing bordering on in-fighting. Priorities are set at best based on a sense of relative importance, at worst based on emotional attachment. Business value is a vague and nebulous consideration at most.

I propose a new way of looking at feature priorities:

1. Stakeholders build a backlog of features they'd like to see in the product eventually.
2. The stakeholders estimate the business value of each feature in the backlog.
3. The development team estimates the development time for each feature.
4. The stakeholders set a target feature list and ship date based on the projected return of each feature - i.e., the estimated business value divided by the estimated development time.

This turns a subjective assessment of relative priorities into an objective estimate of business value, which is used to determine a projected return on investment for each feature. This can then be used to objectively prioritize features and schedule releases.

I've been using this workflow recently for one of my upcoming projects, and I feel like it's helped me to more objectively determine feature priorities, and takes a lot of the fuzziness and hand-waving out of the equation.

Shameless self-promotion: Pragmatic prioritization is a feature of my project scheduling and estimation tool, Rogue Prognosticator. 

JComboBox with Custom ComboBoxModel Not Updating Value on setSelectedItem()

I wrestled with this issue for some time before figuring out the cause, so I hope this helps someone out there. I had a JComboBox with a custom ComboBoxModel. Everything was working fine, except a call to setSelectedItem would do everything it should (fire events, update the selected item property) except it wasn't updating the displayed value in the JComboBox itself. Clicking the drop-down would even show the correct item selected, and getSelectedItem() returned the correct result; it was just the box itself that was wrong.

Apparently the displayed value in the JComboBox isn't based on getSelectedItem(), but rather on the top item in the list. I don't know how or why this is, or if it's due to some intricacies of my GUI code, but bringing the selected item to the top of the ComboBoxModel's item list when calling setSelectedItem fixed the issue. Go figure.

If anyone has any insight into what causes this, please drop a comment!

Qaudropus Rampage

I've taken up the excellent indie mobile title (and product of the 7-day roguelike challenge) Quadropus Rampage. It's an all-around excellent title, with some hilarious content, solid gameplay, and excellent replayability. It's free to play, with in-app purchases, and one of few cases where I've made an IAP in order to support the developers.

I haven't been playing long, and I haven't beaten it, but I thought I'd toss out a few tips, tricks, and strategies I've learned along the way.

Mechanics:

• Attack has longer range than you think, and different weapons have different ranges.
• Hold down attack to get a spin attack, that damages all enemies around you. You'll end up turned about 60 degrees counter-clockwise from the direction you were facing when you started the spin. 
• Note that the spin attack deals less damage than your normal attack. Note also that you still get the normal attack triggered by pressing the attack button, in order to charge up the attack. This means you can strike, holding down the button, then release, to get a quick one-two combo. Practice the timing of holding down the attack button, it can make a huge difference in crowded maps.
• Smash attack does a ton of damage in a radius similar to the spin attack (farther with upgrades & masteries), as well as knocking enemies back (and possibly off ledges.)
• Dodge lets you move over empty spaces and even off the edges of the map. You can hold down the dodge button to continue flying around the map until you release it.
• Bubble gives you a temporary shield that blocks all damage until it expires.
• Bingo flings himself toward a random nearby enemy every few seconds. If there are enemies grouped together, or in a line, he will damage every enemy he passes through. He does a lot of damage, and can crit.
• The Rage meter (top of the screen) fills up as you deal damage to enemies, and rapidly depletes over time. If it gets to full, you enter a Rampage, dealing bonus damage and taking reduced damage from enemies. In order to enter a rampage, you'll have to continuously dish out damage long enough to fill the meter before it starts to fall. This gets easier with more upgrades, and at lower depths (when there are more enemies to work with.)

Techniques:

• Most levels I start by dodging into the middle of the map, trying to lure as many enemies as possible into a central area, then I smash attack to take out as many as I can at once, and knock the rest away from me to get some breathing room.
• Dodging toward an enemy and then attacking is an excellent way to deal damage without taking any yourself. You can dodge in, attack, and dodge back out if the attack isn't enough to kill.
• Against large enemies, you can always run up, bubble, and hack away at them continuously until the bubble expires, then dodge away.
• Heartfish move pretty slowly, but they do follow you. If you're in trouble, dodge toward them to grab them, or bubble then dodge so you can grab them without dying on the way. If you're at or near full health, dodge away from them toward your enemies, to avoid picking them up until you actually need them.
• The most important weapon stats are health and damage; everything else is nice, but not nearly as important. Weapon size also plays a part, but generally speaking, just look for weapons where the top two stats (damage and health) are green (better than what you have now.) Learn to swap weapons quickly in the midst of a melee when you find  a better weapon.
• Depth charges are excellent tools, but can be difficult to use properly. They always appear at the edges/corners of the map, so often the best technique is to dodge off the edge of the map, come at the depth charge from the far side, then smack it toward your enemies. The same basic techniques for the depth charges apply to Bingo's ball as well.
• If you smash attack off the edge or through a hole, you'll land in the next depth with a smash attack. If you have the mastery upgrade that refreshes your smash attack cooldown on each depth, you'll land with a smash attack and no cooldown. This makes it a viable strategy, if you end a level with full health and full smash, to smash off the edge of the map, destroy what you can when you land, dodge off toward another group of enemies, and smash attack again. At later depths, this is almost certain to trigger a rampage, letting you clean up the level in no time.

Upgrades:

• Strength, Vitality, and Smash are the most important skills; invest in these first. I did it round-robin in that order (Strength 1, Vitality 1, Smash 1, Strength 2, etc.) and it worked well for me.
• Next most important are probably Bingo and Bubble, in that order.
• Rampage isn't the least important, however, it doesn't really come into play until the lower depths, and until you've got the other skills levelled up enough.
• Keep in mind what upgrade you want next and how much it costs; you can pause mid-game and buy the upgrade as soon as you can afford it. You aren't limited to purchasing upgrades between games.

Masteries:

• Masteries are a combination of upgrade and achievement. When you hit a certain goal, the mastery will be unlocked, and you'll get the option of two upgrades for each mastery, which you can switch between at any time (including mid-game).
• Any time you get an achievement while playing, it's a good idea to pause, go into the character screen, and choose an upgrade for that mastery, to gain the bonus as soon as possible (neither option is selected by default, you must select one yourself to gain any benefit.)
• Keep in mind that you can switch mastery bonuses mid-game as well if you need to. I've not run into a situation where this would be needed.
• Many of the masteries will happen when they happen, but most can be achieved with considered action. I strongly recommend picking a mastery and focusing on it during your gameplay; for example, focus on using your smash attack as often as possible until you get that mastery, or focus on dodging over and over and over until you get that mastery, and so on.
• None of the mastery bonuses are game-changing, but many are very good, and the combination of a few of them, plus some upgrades, quickly make the first few depths a cakewalk.

Pets:

• You can have two pets active at a time, not including Bingo. Bingo is always active, and does not count as a pet. Likewise, the Bingo upgrades don't affect your other pets.
• I've only used Cy and Saww, but both have been very effective for me, though I'm considering swapping Cy for Smiles.
• It doesn't seem like there's a significant imbalance between them, I think it's mainly a matter of personal preference and play style.

Artifacts/Grubby:

• Don't bother purchasing anything from Grubby until you've maxed out all the upgrades. Your orbs are better spent there. You're very unlikely to beat the game without maxed upgrades, no matter how many fancy items you pick up from Grubby.
• Many of the artifacts just give a 20% increase to damage to a particular type of enemy. These are nice, but not worth paying orbs for to buy them from Grubby.
• The best artifacts, in my experience, are Heartfish Food, Fountain Pen, Bingarang, Forn Orb, Third Eye, Bermuda Triangle, Bingo Unchained, Spiked Collar, Star Biscuit, Embiggener, Urchin Spines, Gorgo's Shovel, and particularly Lucky Coin (free resurrection!).
• Don't waste your orbs on buying weapons from Grubby unless a) it's ridiculously better than anything you've seen at your current depth, and/or b) you're within two depths of facing off against Pete. The rest of the time, it's just not worthwhile unless you have so many orbs you don't care any more.

Purchases:

• You can purchase orbs (for buying upgrades and buying items from Grubby in game) and dubloons (for buying pets and resurrections) in the in-app store. These are relatively cheap compared to most games with similar freemium models.
• Any purchase will earn you a new starting weapon that's significantly better than the starting tennis racket; in fact, if you make a purchase, your new starting weapon will last you the first several depths easily.
• Don't waste your dubloons on unlocking masteries; they generally aren't worth what they cost in dubloons, especially since you can earn them through playing anyway.

Synergies: some things just work particularly well in combination. For example:

• All Dodge upgrades, Saww, Flurry upgrade from Quick mastery, Inksplosion upgrade from Nimble mastery, and Fountain Pen: dodge to kill. You cause an explosion (dealing damage and causing knockback) when you start a dodge, you get bonus damage when you end a dodge, and both you and your pet deal damage during a dodge.
• All Rampage upgrades, either upgrade from the Brawler mastery, Supple Crits upgrade from the Hulk mastery, Bingarang, Forn Orb, Eye Patch, and Third Eye: ultimate rampage. You shoot lasers out of your face. Bingo shoots lasers out of his face. He does this while spinning continuously around the map until the rampage ends. And you rampage more often.What's not to love? If you take Pain Tolerance from Brawler, and have some or all of the above dodge stuff, you can indiscriminately fly around the map lasering everything in sight while taking reduced damage. Alternatively, take the I'm Always Angry upgrade to rampage more often.
• Saww, Smiles, Bingarang, Forn Orb, Bingo Unchained, Spiked Collar, Star Biscuit, and Urchin Spines: let the pets do the work. Park yourself in an urchin for safety, dodging briefly to keep Saww going.